| Chapter 1: What is physics?
Questions and Problems
1. What kept the Mars rover from floating away from the surface
of Mars?
a. low barometric pressure
b. high atmospheric pressure
c. the gravitational pull of Mars
d. the magnetic pull of Mars' core
2. Galileo wrote the results of his observations and experiments
in __________.
a. Latin
b. Italian
c. English
d. the language of scholars
3. Ancient people observed __________ in order to define time
of year.
a. vegetation
b. tides
c. celestial objects
d. bedrock strata
4. Interest in Mars increased as a result of __________.
a. the discovery of intelligent life
on Mars
b. the Martian invasion of Earth in
1938
c. improvements to telescopes
d. the discovery that its atmosphere
is similar to that of Earth
5. Why is mathematics important to science?
a. It is the only language that can
be used to describe physical laws.
b. It is necessary for scientists to
challenge their intellectual capabilities.
c. It is a clear language that can be
used to communicate what has been learned.
d. Only scientists can understand it.
6. The goal of all scientists is to __________.
a. obtain explanations that lead to
a better understanding of the universe
b. refute accepted theories
c. develop new technology
d. determine the origin of the solar
system
7. Which of the following missions to Mars did not accomplish
a Martian orbit?
a. USSR Phobos 2
b. U.S. Mars Observer
c. USSR Mars 2
d. U.S. Global Surveyor
8. Which of the following scientists is not a physicist?
a. Benjamin Carson
b. Albert Einstein
c. Stephen Hawking
d. Marie Curie
9. Which of the following is an example of technology?
a. design of Mars rover Sojourner
b. the first law of thermodynamics
c. Newton's first law of motion
d. Einstein's theory of relativity
10. Greek scholars believed that Earth was made of earth, water,
air and __________.
a. light
b. salt
c. space
d. fire
Chapter 2: A Mathematical Toolkit
Questions and Problems
1. Convert 243 ng to its equivalent in kilograms.
a. 2.43 × 1010 kg
b. 2.43 × 10-10 kg
c. 2.43 × 10-12 kg
d. 243 × 10-10 kg
2. __________ describes the degree of exactness in a measurement.
a. Accuracy
b. Significance
c. Parallax
d. Precision
3. Solve the following problem and express the answer in scientific
notation: 4.75 × 103 kg + 8.24 × 103 kg.
a. 1299 × 103 kg
b. 12.99 × 103 kg
c. 12 990 kg
d. 1.299 × 104 kg
4. The apparent shift in the position of an object when it is
viewed from different angles is caused by __________.
a. imprecise measurement
b. parallax
c. faulty instruments
d. inaccuracy
5. The multiplier for SI units with the prefix micro is __________.
a. 1/1 000 000 000
b. 1/1 000 000 000 000
c. 1/1 000 000
d. 1/1 000 000 000 000 000
6. Solve the following problem and express the answer in scientific
notation: 2.46 × 10-4 kg + 5.75 × 108 kg.
a. 8.21 × 108 kg
b. 5.75 × 104 kg
c. 5.75 × 108 kg
d. 8.21 × 104 kg
7. In order to convert a quantity expressed in one unit into
the same quantity in a different unit, use a(n) __________.
a. calculation coefficient
b. algebraic quantity
c. conversion factor
d. notation factor
8. __________ is useful for writing numbers that are very large
or very small.
a. Parallax
b. Estimating
c. Accuracy
d. Scientific notation
9. The multiplier for SI units with the prefix femto is __________.
a. 1/1 000 000
b. 1/1 000 000 000
c. 1/1 000 000 000 000 000
d. 1/1 000 000 000 000
10. Convert 57.7 kg to grams.
a. 5.77 × 104 g
b. 57.7 × 104 g
c. 577 000 g
d. 5.77 × 103 g
Chapter 3: Describing Motion
Questions and Problems
1. Which of the following is a scalar quantity?
a. 150 km southwest
b. velocity
c. 150 km
d. displacement
2. Which of the following is not a scalar quantity?
a. 314.7 g
b. 2 hours 27 minutes
c. 25 °C
d. 150 km southwest
3. __________ is the change in velocity divided by the time
needed for the change to occur.
a. Acceleration
b. Displacement
c. Speed
d. Average velocity
4. The difference between t0 and t1 is the __________.
a. velocity
b. displacement
c. time interval
d. average speed
5. Replacing an object in a motion diagram with a single point
is called the __________.
a. alternative model
b. frame differential
c. particle model
d. operational definition
6. The __________ is the ratio of the total distance traveled
to the time interval.
a. displacement
b. instantaneous velocity
c. acceleration
d. average speed
7. How could you locate the position of a sprinter at a particular
moment on a motion diagram?
a. Calculate the difference in apparent
height of the runner between the origin and final position.
b. Use a position scalar.
c. Determine the magnitude of the motion.
d. Draw an arrow from the origin to
the belt of the sprinter.
8. __________ defines the distance and direction between two
positions.
a. A scalar quantity
b. Average velocity
c. Interval
d. Displacement
9. The length of the position vector on a motion diagram is
proportional to the __________.
a. average speed
b. distance of the object from the origin.
c. distance of the object from the intercept
d. velocity
10. A track runner begins running from the starting line and
reaches his race pace of 4-minutes per mile in 5 seconds. What is the runner's
acceleration?
a. 6.67 m/s2
b. 0.05 m/s2
c. 0.001 m/s2
d. 1.33 m/s2
Chapter 5: A Mathematical Model of Motion
Questions and Problems
1. Which of the following equations can be used to find the
position of an object moving at constant velocity?
a. d = d0 - vt
b. d = d0 + vt
c. ?d = d1 - d0
d. tan ? = Ry/Rx
2. Find the uniform acceleration that causes a car's velocity
to change from 27 m/s to 45 m/s in a 6.0-s period.
a. 18.0 m/s
b. 18.0 m/s2
c. 3.0 m/s2
d. 3.0 m/s
3. What is the minimum length runway needed to accommodate airplanes
that can accelerate uniformly at 2.7 m/s2 and must reach a ground velocity
of 64 m/s before they can take off?
a. 7.7 × 102 m
b. 7.7 × 103 m
c. 1.5 × 102 m
d. 1.5 × 103 m
4. On a position-time graph, rise = __________.
a. ?v
b. ?t
c. ?d
d. ?s
5. If a car travels 100 km in a straight line in the first hour
of its trip, 100 km in the next hour, and continues in this way, its motion
is __________.
a. accelerated
b. dynamic
c. irregular
d. uniform
6. You are at a friend's house who lives 10 km north of your
house. You drive north from there at a constant speed of 35 mph toward
the pizza shop and arrive there 10 minutes later to pick up your pizza.
How far from your house are you?
a. 10.4 km
b. 20 km
c. 31 km
d. 20 m
7. On a position-time graph, run = __________.
a. ?d
b. ?v
c. ?t
d. ?a
8. How far does a car travel in 30 s while its velocity is changing
from 50 km/h to 80 km/h at a uniform rate of acceleration?
a. 540 m
b. 1.95 × 103 m
c. 252 m
d. 1.08 × 103 m
9. The property of a straight line that is the ratio of the
vertical difference between two points to the horizontal difference between
the same two points is the __________.
a. slope
b. tangent
c. intercept
d. rise
10. A tennis ball is dropped from 1.5 m above the ground, touches
the ground for 0.008 s and rebounds to a height of 0.75 m. What is the
ball's velocity when it hits the ground?
a. -5.4 m/s
b. -5.4 m/s2
c. -3.8 m/s
d. 3.8 m/s2
Chapter 6: Forces
Questions and Problems
1. Newton's first law of motion states that, __________.
a. objects remain either at rest or
continue moving in a straight line with constant speed only if the net
force on that object is zero
b. the acceleration of an object is
proportional to the net force exerted on the object and can be stated as
the equation a = F"net"/m.
c. all forces come in pairs
d. air does not exert a force
2. How do you calculate your weight in newtons?
a. 2?(m)
b. (9.80 m/s2)(m)
c. (9.80 m/s2)sin?
d. W*g
3. A sled of mass 40.0 kg is pulled along flat, snow-covered
ground. The static friction coefficient is 0.28, and the kinetic friction
coefficient is 0.08. What force is needed to keep the sled moving at a
constant velocity?
a. 3.2 N
b. 3.14 × 102 N
c. 3.14 × 101 N
d. 3.92 × 103 N
4. A 75-kg swimmer jumps off a 10.0-m tower. What is the swimmer's
velocity on hitting the water?
a. 0.25 m/s
b. 38.3 m/s
c. 27.1 m/s
d. 14.0 m/s
5. The __________ is the force exerted on one surface by another
when the surfaces are in relative motion.
a. kinetic coefficient
b. kinetic friction force
c. apparent weight
d. static friction force
6. A 75-kg person pushes a 12-kg person in a swing with a force
of 3 N. What is the acceleration of the person doing the pushing?
a. 0.4 m/s2
b. 0.04 m/s2
c. 0.25 m/s2
d. 25 m/s2
7. An object that experiences a push or a pull has a(n) __________
exerted on it.
a. inertia
b. system
c. force
d. environment
8. An object that has a force exerted on it is called __________.
a. the system
b. static
c. the environment
d. the agent
9. A(n) __________ force acts on an object without touching
it.
a. free-body
b. long-range
c. equilibrium
d. net
10. A sled of mass 40.0 kg is pulled along flat, snow-covered
ground. The static friction coefficient is 0.28, and the kinetic friction
coefficient is 0.08. What force will be needed to start the sled moving?
a. 110 N
b. 147 N
c. 31 N
d. 392 N
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